On November 25 we took the Chapter 14 quiz and watched a video on John Brown.
For December 2, read Chapter 15. We will go over the material that will be on the final exam on the 9th.
For December 9, be prepared to give your Oral Presentation. The second half of the class will be the Final Exam.
Tuesday, November 25, 2008
Sunday, November 23, 2008
Oral Presentation requirements
Oral presentation - 50 points
Question A: "What is this article about?"
Question B: "Why is this article important in our study of American History?"
For this assignment you will analyze one article and summarize what you read for class. It is often difficult for students to discuss source material "in their own words." This is an attempt to disseminate information through in-depth examination of one part of a whole, instead of glances at every page. This assignment is also your opportunity to show mastery of material you have already learned by applying it to a new text. You may refer to other sources or class discussions if you wish, though that is not required. Referencing chapters of your book is encouraged.
Technically your presentation is part of your final exam.
--50 points oral presentation (before the final exam)
--50 points extra essay (done in-class as part of the exam)
--100 points final exam (just like the midterm)
1) See me if you are unable to present to the class. Simple fear of public speaking does not make you unable to present.
2) Presentations must not be more or less than 3:00 long, give or take 15 seconds. You will have class time to practice this, but not much. You will be warned during the presentation and docked points if you cannot adhere to the time limit.
3) After your presentation you might have questions from other students or the instructor. Perfect answers are not required but you must show an understanding of the article and what you presented.
4) Presenters may not rely on notes. This is the hard part! You will probably have too much to say, not too little. Explain pictures or quotes they see on the page. I will put your article on the screen.
Question A: "What is this article about?"
Question B: "Why is this article important in our study of American History?"
For this assignment you will analyze one article and summarize what you read for class. It is often difficult for students to discuss source material "in their own words." This is an attempt to disseminate information through in-depth examination of one part of a whole, instead of glances at every page. This assignment is also your opportunity to show mastery of material you have already learned by applying it to a new text. You may refer to other sources or class discussions if you wish, though that is not required. Referencing chapters of your book is encouraged.
Technically your presentation is part of your final exam.
--50 points oral presentation (before the final exam)
--50 points extra essay (done in-class as part of the exam)
--100 points final exam (just like the midterm)
1) See me if you are unable to present to the class. Simple fear of public speaking does not make you unable to present.
2) Presentations must not be more or less than 3:00 long, give or take 15 seconds. You will have class time to practice this, but not much. You will be warned during the presentation and docked points if you cannot adhere to the time limit.
3) After your presentation you might have questions from other students or the instructor. Perfect answers are not required but you must show an understanding of the article and what you presented.
4) Presenters may not rely on notes. This is the hard part! You will probably have too much to say, not too little. Explain pictures or quotes they see on the page. I will put your article on the screen.
Chapter 14 notes
Abolition
The majority of Americans didn't care either way
Slavery seemed immoral, but abolitionists seemed crazy and unwilling to compromise
The Constitution allows for slavery, but compromises kept it secluded to the South
Should slavery spread to new territories?
Missouri Compromise: no slavery allowed in states above 36-30'
With the Mexican Cession, more southern states were being admitted than northern states
Wilmont Proviso: plan to ban slavery in territories acquired from Mexico
Never passed
Led to the “Free Soil” movement
Election of 1848
Democrats—mostly southern
Against the Wilmont Proviso
Thought new territories could decide on slavery when they became states
Ran Cass for President, who proposed “Squatter Sovereignty” to appeal to the South's states' rights beliefs
Whigs—mostly northern
Supported the Wilmont Proviso
Ran Zachary Taylor, Mexican War hero, slaveholder
Free-Soil Party
Were against expanding slavery but not slavery itself
Democrats that had Whig support
Van Buren, a Democrat, ran for President and lost
Compromise of 1850
Thought up by Henry Clay, the same senator who thought up the Missouri Compromise
For North:
-California became a free state
-Texas debt would be assumed by Federal Government
-Slave trade banned in DC
For South:
-Mexican Cession territories wouldn't decide on slavery
-New Mexico would take some Texas land
-Stronger Fugitive Slave Law: no trials for alleged runaway slaves
-Both Democrats and Whigs supported the Compromise in the next election
Very Bad Things
The emergence of the Free-Soil Party threatened the old Whig Party, taking away much of their northern base
The Compromise of 1850 meant the 2 main parties seemed almost the same
Franklin Pierce (Democrat) was elected in 1852 with northern and southern support
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) by Stephen Douglass
Repealed the Missouri Compromise
Left slavery up to popular sovereignty in the territory
Thought it would get more support for the Whigs
Instead, the Whigs disagreed over it
The Know-Nothing Party
Whigs were temporarily replaced by nativists
Nativism: belief that pre-existing inhabitants deserve preference over immigrants
The group began in secret, hence the name
Later became the American Party and opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, though not entirely
In the West, “Republicans” had some of the same ideas as Know-Nothings but focused on stopping the spread of slavery, not immigration
Strong stances on moral causes
Thought slavery would hurt “free labor”
Predominantly Protestant and nativist
Bleeding Kansas
Kansas became a territory in 1854. To sway the vote over slavery, people out of state quickly settled, leading to several years of violence
Many from Missouri moved to make mostly “Free-Soil” Kansas pro-slavery. Riots break out
Pro-slavery men raided Lawrence. As revenge, John Brown led a group to kill five people in the Pottawatomie Massacre. John Brown would later be known for raiding the armory at Harper's Ferry
In all, about 200 died from guerilla warfare
“Bleeding Sumner:” they beat that dude with a cane. Unable to serve but re-elected
Division
Election of 1856:
The new Republican party lost to the popular sovereignty Democrats. Former President Fillmore ran for the almost-dead Know-Nothings
Was there a “slave power conspiracy” in America?
Churches began to split into North and South
Presbyterians, Methodist, Baptists
Slavery was a political and moral issue
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 1857
Scott was a slave in Missouri but moved to Wisconsin, where slavery was illegal. Was he free? SCOTUS:
Scott had no case because he was not a citizen
No blacks could be citizens of the US
Congress had no power to prohibit slavery anywhere
THEREFORE, the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
To the tune of Battle Hymn of the Republic:
John Brown's body lies mouldering in the grave,
John Brown's body lies mouldering in the grave,
John Brown's body lies mouldering in the grave,
His soul is marching on!
He captured Harper's Ferry with his nineteen men so true,
And he frightened old Virginia till she trembled through and through,
They hung him for a traitor, themselves the traitor crew,
But his soul is marching on!
Lecompton Controversy
Pro-slavery citizens wanted to approve a pro-slavery state constitution
They put it up to a vote: allow slavery, or not allow future imports of slaves?
Anti-slavery people could not choose “No Slavery At All, Ever” and boycotted. The constitution passed
The anti-slavery majority then set up a second referendum to stop it, and won
In US Congress, the Lecompton plan passed the Senate but failed the House
The debate split Congress between the Republican North and Democrat South
The majority of Americans didn't care either way
Slavery seemed immoral, but abolitionists seemed crazy and unwilling to compromise
The Constitution allows for slavery, but compromises kept it secluded to the South
Should slavery spread to new territories?
Missouri Compromise: no slavery allowed in states above 36-30'
With the Mexican Cession, more southern states were being admitted than northern states
Wilmont Proviso: plan to ban slavery in territories acquired from Mexico
Never passed
Led to the “Free Soil” movement
Election of 1848
Democrats—mostly southern
Against the Wilmont Proviso
Thought new territories could decide on slavery when they became states
Ran Cass for President, who proposed “Squatter Sovereignty” to appeal to the South's states' rights beliefs
Whigs—mostly northern
Supported the Wilmont Proviso
Ran Zachary Taylor, Mexican War hero, slaveholder
Free-Soil Party
Were against expanding slavery but not slavery itself
Democrats that had Whig support
Van Buren, a Democrat, ran for President and lost
Compromise of 1850
Thought up by Henry Clay, the same senator who thought up the Missouri Compromise
For North:
-California became a free state
-Texas debt would be assumed by Federal Government
-Slave trade banned in DC
For South:
-Mexican Cession territories wouldn't decide on slavery
-New Mexico would take some Texas land
-Stronger Fugitive Slave Law: no trials for alleged runaway slaves
-Both Democrats and Whigs supported the Compromise in the next election
Very Bad Things
The emergence of the Free-Soil Party threatened the old Whig Party, taking away much of their northern base
The Compromise of 1850 meant the 2 main parties seemed almost the same
Franklin Pierce (Democrat) was elected in 1852 with northern and southern support
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) by Stephen Douglass
Repealed the Missouri Compromise
Left slavery up to popular sovereignty in the territory
Thought it would get more support for the Whigs
Instead, the Whigs disagreed over it
The Know-Nothing Party
Whigs were temporarily replaced by nativists
Nativism: belief that pre-existing inhabitants deserve preference over immigrants
The group began in secret, hence the name
Later became the American Party and opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, though not entirely
In the West, “Republicans” had some of the same ideas as Know-Nothings but focused on stopping the spread of slavery, not immigration
Strong stances on moral causes
Thought slavery would hurt “free labor”
Predominantly Protestant and nativist
Bleeding Kansas
Kansas became a territory in 1854. To sway the vote over slavery, people out of state quickly settled, leading to several years of violence
Many from Missouri moved to make mostly “Free-Soil” Kansas pro-slavery. Riots break out
Pro-slavery men raided Lawrence. As revenge, John Brown led a group to kill five people in the Pottawatomie Massacre. John Brown would later be known for raiding the armory at Harper's Ferry
In all, about 200 died from guerilla warfare
“Bleeding Sumner:” they beat that dude with a cane. Unable to serve but re-elected
Division
Election of 1856:
The new Republican party lost to the popular sovereignty Democrats. Former President Fillmore ran for the almost-dead Know-Nothings
Was there a “slave power conspiracy” in America?
Churches began to split into North and South
Presbyterians, Methodist, Baptists
Slavery was a political and moral issue
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 1857
Scott was a slave in Missouri but moved to Wisconsin, where slavery was illegal. Was he free? SCOTUS:
Scott had no case because he was not a citizen
No blacks could be citizens of the US
Congress had no power to prohibit slavery anywhere
THEREFORE, the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
To the tune of Battle Hymn of the Republic:
John Brown's body lies mouldering in the grave,
John Brown's body lies mouldering in the grave,
John Brown's body lies mouldering in the grave,
His soul is marching on!
He captured Harper's Ferry with his nineteen men so true,
And he frightened old Virginia till she trembled through and through,
They hung him for a traitor, themselves the traitor crew,
But his soul is marching on!
Lecompton Controversy
Pro-slavery citizens wanted to approve a pro-slavery state constitution
They put it up to a vote: allow slavery, or not allow future imports of slaves?
Anti-slavery people could not choose “No Slavery At All, Ever” and boycotted. The constitution passed
The anti-slavery majority then set up a second referendum to stop it, and won
In US Congress, the Lecompton plan passed the Senate but failed the House
The debate split Congress between the Republican North and Democrat South
Chapter 13 notes
Manifest Destiny
John L. O'Sullivan, 1845
The idea that it is God's will for the United States to expand its borders
Religious connotations
Room for the exploding population
Ethnocentrism
Would the US take all of North America?
“Frontier Thesis,” Frederick Jackson Turner, 1893
The success and character of the US depended on its westward expansion
Expansion made Americans individualistic, democratic, and hard-working by taming land and inferior peoples
Borders
54-40'' or fight
Northern borders
Several times, the US nearly came to war with Britain over the Northern border
Oregon Territory was “joint occupation” from 1818 to 1846 as the countries argued over the Colombia River
Maine's border was not defined until 1842
Fenians attacked Canada from Buffalo in 1866. It failed horribly
Southwest
Mexico needed workers in Texas and allowed Americans in. Soon Americans outnumbered Mexicans in Texas
Mexico tried to end slavery and collect taxes in Texas, but Americans resisted
General Sam Houston captured Santa Anna and forced him to accept independence
Though a country from 1836-1845, Houston always wanted Texas as a state. The Tex-Mex border remained disputed
Reasons against Texas annexation
Slavery
Texas would be a pro-slavery state
Many voters were against the spread of slavery
War
Annexation would hurt US-Mexico relations
North-South rivalries could start civil war
Politics
Politicians did not want to touch the slavery issue
Especially in 1844, an election year
Henry Clay and Martin Van Buren agreed on delayed annexation. James K. Polk got Southern support for immediate annexation
Mexican War
US led by General Zachary Taylor, but he would not go into Mexico City
Polk picked Winfield Scott to invade the capital while Taylor defeated Mexicans farther north
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo:
US pays $15 million for New Mexico and California
Rio Grande is Tex-Mex border
Gadsen Purchase 1853:
More of Mexico was purchased for a railroad for $15 million
Much smaller, the purchase was perceived as an act of goodwill for the harsh terms of the Treaty
Mormons
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
Founded by Joseph Smith of Palmyra, New York about 1820
Smith said he had visions of Jesus, who told him that churches were corrupt
1830: published the Book of Mormon, a translation of golden plates given to him by an angel
Followers moved to Utah in search of a new Zion, just like in The Matrix
The society was a mix of Burned-Over religion and utopian socialism
Statehood was delayed because of the Mormon practice of polygamy
Internal Expansionism
Most Americans still lived on the Atlantic coast by the 1840s
1848: Gold discovered in California. San Francisco becomes a boom town in 1849
Later discoveries of silver and gold in Nevada, Utah, Idaho, and others lead to more settlers
Reapers (Cyrus McCormick) and steel-tipped plows (John Deere) allow farmers to clear land faster and expand
John L. O'Sullivan, 1845
The idea that it is God's will for the United States to expand its borders
Religious connotations
Room for the exploding population
Ethnocentrism
Would the US take all of North America?
“Frontier Thesis,” Frederick Jackson Turner, 1893
The success and character of the US depended on its westward expansion
Expansion made Americans individualistic, democratic, and hard-working by taming land and inferior peoples
Borders
54-40'' or fight
Northern borders
Several times, the US nearly came to war with Britain over the Northern border
Oregon Territory was “joint occupation” from 1818 to 1846 as the countries argued over the Colombia River
Maine's border was not defined until 1842
Fenians attacked Canada from Buffalo in 1866. It failed horribly
Southwest
Mexico needed workers in Texas and allowed Americans in. Soon Americans outnumbered Mexicans in Texas
Mexico tried to end slavery and collect taxes in Texas, but Americans resisted
General Sam Houston captured Santa Anna and forced him to accept independence
Though a country from 1836-1845, Houston always wanted Texas as a state. The Tex-Mex border remained disputed
Reasons against Texas annexation
Slavery
Texas would be a pro-slavery state
Many voters were against the spread of slavery
War
Annexation would hurt US-Mexico relations
North-South rivalries could start civil war
Politics
Politicians did not want to touch the slavery issue
Especially in 1844, an election year
Henry Clay and Martin Van Buren agreed on delayed annexation. James K. Polk got Southern support for immediate annexation
Mexican War
US led by General Zachary Taylor, but he would not go into Mexico City
Polk picked Winfield Scott to invade the capital while Taylor defeated Mexicans farther north
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo:
US pays $15 million for New Mexico and California
Rio Grande is Tex-Mex border
Gadsen Purchase 1853:
More of Mexico was purchased for a railroad for $15 million
Much smaller, the purchase was perceived as an act of goodwill for the harsh terms of the Treaty
Mormons
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
Founded by Joseph Smith of Palmyra, New York about 1820
Smith said he had visions of Jesus, who told him that churches were corrupt
1830: published the Book of Mormon, a translation of golden plates given to him by an angel
Followers moved to Utah in search of a new Zion, just like in The Matrix
The society was a mix of Burned-Over religion and utopian socialism
Statehood was delayed because of the Mormon practice of polygamy
Internal Expansionism
Most Americans still lived on the Atlantic coast by the 1840s
1848: Gold discovered in California. San Francisco becomes a boom town in 1849
Later discoveries of silver and gold in Nevada, Utah, Idaho, and others lead to more settlers
Reapers (Cyrus McCormick) and steel-tipped plows (John Deere) allow farmers to clear land faster and expand
Chapter 12 Quiz
1 The social reform movements associated with the Second Great Awakening began in
a) the mountainous areas of Virginia and North Carolina.
b) the Burned-Over District of western New York.
c) western Kentucky.
d) the Cotton South.
2 The “benevolent empire” refers to which of the following?
a) Reform associations in the 1830s and 1840s that were inspired by the Second Great Awakening
b) The international relief organizations in the United States that gave aid to the impoverished of the earth
c) A loosely-knit organization of northern factory owners dedicated to the abolition of slavery.
d) The slave society of the Cotton South
3 The Second Great Awakening affected women in which of the following ways?
a) The movement adversely affected women by blaming them for the sins of American society.
b) The only impact the movement had on women was to reinforce the cult of domesticity.
c) By participating in organizations advocating moral reform, many women became politically involved for the first time.
d) Both the Episcopal and Methodist denominations allowed women to rise to the rank of bishop.
4 Which of the following was a reason for the emergence of temperance as a major issue in the 1840s and 1850s?
a) Alcohol became a symbol of evil because of its association with Sabbath violations, abusive husbands, and poor work habits.
b) It was revealed that organized crime was involved in the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol.
c) Revelations about the health and mental problems of infants born to alcoholic mothers caused public concern.
d) Newspaper reporters documented and publicized widespread alcohol abuse within the Senate and House of Representatives.
5 Which of the following touched the lives of more Americans than any other reform movement?
a) The temperance movement
b) The antigambling movement
c) The public education movement
d) The antiprostitution movement
6 Which of the following statements is most consistent with the beliefs of Horace Mann?
a) Misery and crime can be ended through universal education.
b) Men are superior to women as teachers because they command obedience and discipline from their pupils.
c) The teaching of Christian religious principles should be the central focus of education.
d) Formal education should be reserved for the talented tenth, and vocational training should be available to the masses.
7 What did the people associated with the Shaker community, the Morman community, and Brook Farm have in common?
a) They wanted to establish a more communal environment to replace the excessive individualism present in a market society.
b) They wanted to withdraw completely from civilized society.
c) They wanted to return to a state of nature.
d) They wanted to establish societies based on Biblical law.
8 After having been arrested and jailed for treason, Joseph Smith
a) wrote the Book of Mormon.
b) renounced the Mormon religion.
c) escaped from prison and led his followers to the Great Salt Lake Valley.
d) was murdered by opponents.
9 In the pamphlet entitled Appeal . . . to the Colored Citizens, David Walker
a) encouraged slaves in the South to engage in passive resistance against their white masters.
b) informed slaves of the opportunities to escape through the network of people collectively known as the Underground Railroad.
c) advocated that slaves in the South should rise in rebellion and violently overthrow the institution of slavery.
d) called upon runaway slaves in the North to band together and invade the South.
10 Which of the following is true of white abolitionists in the late eighteenth century?
a) They often did not advocate equal rights for African Americans.
b) They were usually of the middle and lower class.
c) They encouraged women to participate in the abolitionist movement.
d) They usually supported extending the right to vote to women.
11 Which of the following best expresses the belief of William Lloyd Garrison?
a) Slavery must be ended gradually.
b) A political solution is necessary to bring an end to slavery.
c) To end slavery, we must convince either the Whig party or the Democratic party to include an antislavery plank in their national platform.
d) Slavery can be ended by winning over the hearts of white Americans, including southern slaveowners.
12 How did South Carolina respond to the increase in the volume of antislavery mailings during the early 1830s?
a) The state established its own postal service, which refused to deliver any mail handled by the United States Postal Service.
b) Abolitionist literature entering the state was intercepted and burned.
c) The state paid for the mass printing and mailing of proslavery tracts to northern households.
d) In a nullification convention, the state declared such literature to be an unconstitutional exercise of free speech.
13 Which of the following is considered to have launched the women’s rights movement?
a) The Seneca Falls’ Declaration of Sentiments
b) The publication of the Grimké sisters’ books in 1838
c) The merger of the abolitionist and feminist movements in 1839
d) The emergence of Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton as national figures in the 1840s
14 Which of the following is true of President Andrew Jackson?
a) He strongly supported the educational reforms advocated by Horace Mann and advocated federal aid to education.
b) Out of his desire to cleanse the body politic, he supported the temperance and antiprostitution movements.
c) Promoting a limited role for government, he used the veto more often than all previous presidents combined.
d) Believing that government could be a force for good in society, he favored the use of the positive power of government.
15 After Jackson was re-elected in 1832, he took away the power of the Bank of the United States to regulate the economy by
a) persuading Congress to revise its charter.
b) depositing federal funds in state-chartered banks.
c) closing most of its branch banks.
d) issuing an executive order that curtailed the bank's regulatory powers.
a) the mountainous areas of Virginia and North Carolina.
b) the Burned-Over District of western New York.
c) western Kentucky.
d) the Cotton South.
2 The “benevolent empire” refers to which of the following?
a) Reform associations in the 1830s and 1840s that were inspired by the Second Great Awakening
b) The international relief organizations in the United States that gave aid to the impoverished of the earth
c) A loosely-knit organization of northern factory owners dedicated to the abolition of slavery.
d) The slave society of the Cotton South
3 The Second Great Awakening affected women in which of the following ways?
a) The movement adversely affected women by blaming them for the sins of American society.
b) The only impact the movement had on women was to reinforce the cult of domesticity.
c) By participating in organizations advocating moral reform, many women became politically involved for the first time.
d) Both the Episcopal and Methodist denominations allowed women to rise to the rank of bishop.
4 Which of the following was a reason for the emergence of temperance as a major issue in the 1840s and 1850s?
a) Alcohol became a symbol of evil because of its association with Sabbath violations, abusive husbands, and poor work habits.
b) It was revealed that organized crime was involved in the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol.
c) Revelations about the health and mental problems of infants born to alcoholic mothers caused public concern.
d) Newspaper reporters documented and publicized widespread alcohol abuse within the Senate and House of Representatives.
5 Which of the following touched the lives of more Americans than any other reform movement?
a) The temperance movement
b) The antigambling movement
c) The public education movement
d) The antiprostitution movement
6 Which of the following statements is most consistent with the beliefs of Horace Mann?
a) Misery and crime can be ended through universal education.
b) Men are superior to women as teachers because they command obedience and discipline from their pupils.
c) The teaching of Christian religious principles should be the central focus of education.
d) Formal education should be reserved for the talented tenth, and vocational training should be available to the masses.
7 What did the people associated with the Shaker community, the Morman community, and Brook Farm have in common?
a) They wanted to establish a more communal environment to replace the excessive individualism present in a market society.
b) They wanted to withdraw completely from civilized society.
c) They wanted to return to a state of nature.
d) They wanted to establish societies based on Biblical law.
8 After having been arrested and jailed for treason, Joseph Smith
a) wrote the Book of Mormon.
b) renounced the Mormon religion.
c) escaped from prison and led his followers to the Great Salt Lake Valley.
d) was murdered by opponents.
9 In the pamphlet entitled Appeal . . . to the Colored Citizens, David Walker
a) encouraged slaves in the South to engage in passive resistance against their white masters.
b) informed slaves of the opportunities to escape through the network of people collectively known as the Underground Railroad.
c) advocated that slaves in the South should rise in rebellion and violently overthrow the institution of slavery.
d) called upon runaway slaves in the North to band together and invade the South.
10 Which of the following is true of white abolitionists in the late eighteenth century?
a) They often did not advocate equal rights for African Americans.
b) They were usually of the middle and lower class.
c) They encouraged women to participate in the abolitionist movement.
d) They usually supported extending the right to vote to women.
11 Which of the following best expresses the belief of William Lloyd Garrison?
a) Slavery must be ended gradually.
b) A political solution is necessary to bring an end to slavery.
c) To end slavery, we must convince either the Whig party or the Democratic party to include an antislavery plank in their national platform.
d) Slavery can be ended by winning over the hearts of white Americans, including southern slaveowners.
12 How did South Carolina respond to the increase in the volume of antislavery mailings during the early 1830s?
a) The state established its own postal service, which refused to deliver any mail handled by the United States Postal Service.
b) Abolitionist literature entering the state was intercepted and burned.
c) The state paid for the mass printing and mailing of proslavery tracts to northern households.
d) In a nullification convention, the state declared such literature to be an unconstitutional exercise of free speech.
13 Which of the following is considered to have launched the women’s rights movement?
a) The Seneca Falls’ Declaration of Sentiments
b) The publication of the Grimké sisters’ books in 1838
c) The merger of the abolitionist and feminist movements in 1839
d) The emergence of Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton as national figures in the 1840s
14 Which of the following is true of President Andrew Jackson?
a) He strongly supported the educational reforms advocated by Horace Mann and advocated federal aid to education.
b) Out of his desire to cleanse the body politic, he supported the temperance and antiprostitution movements.
c) Promoting a limited role for government, he used the veto more often than all previous presidents combined.
d) Believing that government could be a force for good in society, he favored the use of the positive power of government.
15 After Jackson was re-elected in 1832, he took away the power of the Bank of the United States to regulate the economy by
a) persuading Congress to revise its charter.
b) depositing federal funds in state-chartered banks.
c) closing most of its branch banks.
d) issuing an executive order that curtailed the bank's regulatory powers.
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